Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Abstract: Background: Acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (AUGIB) is a critical clinical condition with high morbidity and mortality, necessitating effective therapeutic interventions. Objectives: This study retrospectively investigated the efficacy of tranexamic acid combined with octreotide (OCT) in patients with high risk of AUGIB. Methods: A total of 183 patients with UGIB were initially enrolled, and 170 eligible patients were finally included and divided into an OCT group (n=83) and a TXA + OCT group (n=87). The main indicators compared were: drug onset time, hemostasis time, upper gastrointestinal bleeding volume, blood routine, coagulation function and clinical effective rate; secondary indicators: clinical efficacy, visual analogue scale (VAS) and adverse reactions. Results: After treatment, the onset time, hemostasis time, bleeding volume, coagulation function indexes (PT, TT, APTT and Fib) and VAS in TXA group and OCT group were significantly lower than those in OCT group. The clinical effective rate and hemoglobin, red blood cell and platelet count in TXA group and OCT group were significantly higher than those in OCT group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the average blood transfusion volume, hospitalization time, rebleeding rate within 3 days, surgical intervention needs and mortality between the two groups (P>0.05), but the combined group had a slight advantage. In addition, combination therapy did not increase the incidence of adverse reactions. Conclusion: These findings provide valuable clinical evidence supporting the use of tranexamic acid in combination with octreotide for AUGIB.